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| ICs for Audio Common Use AN7198Z Dual 20 W BTL Power IC for Car Audio s Overview The AN7198Z is an audio power IC developed for the sound output of car audio (Dual 20 W). A capacitor and a resistor between the output pin and GND to stop oscillation are built-in so that a space saving of set is possible. Also, it is incorporates an industry's first superior muting circuit which is free from shock noise, so that a shock noise design under the set transient condition can be made easily when the muting circuit is used together with its standby function. In addition, it is incorporating various protective circuits to protect the IC from destruction by GND-open short circuit to GND and power supply surge which are the important subjects of power IC protection, and the IC will largely contribute to a high reliability design of equipment. 18.000.30 13.500.30 1.500.10 Unit: mm 4.000.20 3.600.10 13.250.30 2.400.50 (1.80) (2.54) 0.25-0.05 +0.15 10.00.30 15.650.50 1 1.27 0.50-0.10 +0.20 15 (0.61) R0.55 (1.95) 19.000.30 19.300.30 HZIP015-P-0745A s Features * Built-in various protection circuits (Realizing high breakdown voltage against destruction) Power supply surge breakdown voltage of 80 V or more Ground-open breakdown voltage of 16 V or more * Built-in standby function (Free from shock noise at STB-on/off) * Built-in muting function Free from shock noise at mute-on/off Adapting attenuator method, so that abnormal sound due to waveform deformation is not generated Attack time, recovery time of 50 ms or less * Reduction in external components No capacitors and resistors for oscillation stop are unnecessary It eliminates the need for NF and BS electrolytic capacitors Muting function is unnecessary Power supply choke coil is unnecessary * Provided with beep sound input pin * High sound quality design s Applications * Car audio 18.950.50 3.250.10 1 AN7198Z s Block Diagram VCC ICs for Audio Common Use Ripple Filter 12 Ref. 14 13 Att Protection Cct. Att ch.1 GND ch.1 Out (-) 3 4 1 ch.2 GND ch.2 Out (-) ch.1 Out (+) 2 Att 10 6 5 8 Att.Con. 11 7 Att 9 15 ch.2 Out (+) Beep In ch.1 In GND(Sub) Standby ch.2 In Mute s Pin Description Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Description Power supply Ch.1 output (+) Grounding (output ch.1) Ch.1 output (-) Standby Ch.1 input Muting Grounding (board) Pin No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Description Grounding (input) Beep sound input Ch.2 input Ripple filter Ch.2 output (-) Grounding (output ch.2) Ch.2 output (+) s Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Supply voltage *2 *3 Symbol VCC Vsurge ICC Ratings 25 60 9.0 59 - 30 to + 85 - 55 to + 150 GND (Input) Unit V V A W C C Peak supply voltage Supply current Power dissipation *4 PD *1 Operating ambient temperature Storage temperature *1 Topr Tstg Note) *1: Ta = 25C except operating ambient temperature and storage temperature. *2: Without signal *3: Time = 0.2 s *4: Ta = 85C 2 ICs for Audio Common Use s Recommended Operating Range Parameter Supply voltage Symbol VCC Ratings 8.0 to 18.0 AN7198Z Unit V s Electrical Characteristics at VCC = 13.2 V, f = 1 kHz, Ta = 25C Parameter Quiescent current Standby current Output noise voltage *1 Voltage gain 1 Total harmonic distortion 1 Maximum output power 1 Symbol ICQ ISTB VNO GV1 THD1 PO1 Conditions VIN = 0 mV, RL = 4 VIN = 0 mV, RL = 4 Rg = 10 k, RL = 4 VIN = 40 mV, RL = 4 VIN = 40 mV, RL = 4 THD = 10%, RL = 4 VCC = 14.4 V, RL = 4 Ripple rejection ratio Channel balance Cross-talk *1 Output offset voltage Muting effect *1 *1 Min 32 16 60 60 -250 70 24 32 16 -100 Typ 150 1 0.18 34 0.05 18.5 22.0 65 0 79 0 86 30 34 0.08 28 0 0.10 Max 250 10 0.5 36 0.4 1 250 36 36 0.5 100 0.5 Unit mA A mV[rms] dB % W W dB dB dB mV dB k dB % W mV[p-0] % RR CB CT VOff MT Zi GV2 THD2 PO2 VS THD3 RL = 4 , Rg = 10 k, Vr = 1 V[rms] fr = 1 kHz VIN = 40 mV, RL = 4 VIN = 40 mV, RL = 4 , Rg = 10 k Rg = 10 k, RL = 4 VO = 1 W, RL = 4 VIN = 0.3 VDC VIN = 40 mV, RL = 2 VIN = 40 mV, RL = 2 THD = 10%, RL = 2 RL = 4 , Rg = 10 k, VMUTE = 5 V VSTB = on/off, 50 Hz HPF-on VIN = 20 mV, fIN = 20 kHz Rg = 10 k, RL = Input impedance Voltage gain 2 Total harmonic distortion 2 Maximum output power 2 Shock noise *2 Total harmonics distortion 3 Note) *1: Measurement using a bandwidth 15 Hz to 30 kHz (12 dB/OCT) filter. *2 : For VSTB = on/off change over the standby terminal by the voltage of 0 V and 5 V at the time shown below. Standby terminal voltage 5V 0V 500 ms 500 ms 3 AN7198Z s Terminal Equivalent Circuits Pin No. 1 Equivalent circuits ICs for Audio Common Use Description Supply voltage connection pin Power supply connection pin DC voltage 13.2 V 2 Ch.1 output pin (+) 6.3 V 1 Drive Circuit 2 Drive Circuit 3 15 k Pre-amp. Ch.1 positive-phase output pin VREF = 6.3 V AN7198Z: 600 AN7199Z: 300 3 GND (Output) Grounding pin for ch.1 output 4 1 Drive Circuit 4 Drive Circuit VREF = 6.3 V 3 15 k AN7198Z: 600 AN7199Z: 300 Pre-amp. 0V Ch.1 output pin (-) Ch.1 inverted-phase output pin 6.3 V 5 5 10 k Standby control pin Standby changeover pin Threshold voltage approx. 2.1 V 2 k 6 6 200 approx. approx. 15 A 15 A 600 Ch.1 input pin Ch.1 input signal applied pin Input impedance 30 k 0 mV to 10 mV 30 k 4 ICs for Audio Common Use s Terminal Equivalent Circuits (continued) Pin No. 7 7 200 Equivalent circuits Description Mute control pin Mute changeover pin Threshold voltage approx. 2.1 V AN7198Z DC voltage 8 GND (substrate) Substrate 0V 9 GND (input) Grounding pin for input 0V 10 VREF = 6.3 V Rnf Rnf 15 k 7.8 k 10 Rnf VREF = 6.3 V Rnf 15 k 15 k 2 Beep sound input pin Beep sound signal input pin Input impedance 15.3 k 2.1 V 15 k 15 Rnf AN7198Z: 600 AN7199Z: 300 11 11 200 approx. approx. 15 A 15 A 600 Ch.2 input signal applied pin Input impedance 30 k Ch.2 input pin 0 mV to 10 mV 30 k 12 Ripple filter pin 13.0 V VCC 15 k 12 1.7 mA 20 k Output current 3 mA to 10 mA 350 A 5 AN7198Z s Terminal Equivalent Circuits (continued) Pin No. 13 Equivalent circuits ICs for Audio Common Use Description DC voltage 6.3 V 1 Drive Circuit Pre-amp. Ch.2 output pin (-) Ch.2 inverted-phase output pin 13 Drive Circuit VREF = 6.3 V 15 15 k AN7198Z: 600 AN7199Z: 300 14 GND (output) Grounding pin for ch.2 output 15 1 Drive Circuit Ch.2 positive-phase output pin 14 Drive Circuit 15 15 k AN7198Z: 600 AN7199Z: 300 VREF = 6.3 V Pre-amp. Ch.2 output pin (+) 6.3 V 0V s Usage Notes 1. Always attach an outside heat sink to use the chip. In addition, the outside heat sink must be fastened onto a chassis for use. 2. Connect the cooling fin to GND potential. 3. Avoid short-circuit to VCC and short circuit to GND, and load short-circuit. There is a danger of destruction under a special condition. 4. The temperature protection circuit will be actuated at Tj = approx. 150C, but it is automatically reset when the chip temperature drops below the above set level. 5. The overvoltage protection circuit starts its operation at VCC = approx. 20 V. 6. Take into consideration the heat radiation design particularly when VCC is set high or when the load is 2 . 7. When the beep sound function is not used, open the beep sound input pin (pin10) or connect it to pin 9 with around 0.01 F capacitor. 8. Connect only pin 9 (ground, signal source) to the signal GND of the amplifier in the previous stage. The characteristics such as distortion, etc. will be improved. 6 ICs for Audio Common Use s Technical Information 1. PDTa Curves of HZIP015-P-0745A P D Ta 120 113.6 100 Infinity heat sink Rth (j-c) = 1.1C/W Rth (j-a) = 68.3C/W AN7198Z Power dissipation PD (W) 80 60 59.5 1C/W heat sink 40.3 40 30.5 20.5 20 11.3 1.8 0 0 2C/W heat sink 3C/W heat sink 5C/W heat sink 10C/W heat sink Without heat sink 25 50 75 100 125 150 Ambient temperature Ta (C) 2. Main Characteristics PO VCC 45 40 35 PC (RL = 2 ) 30 5 ICC (RL = 2 ) 25 ICC (RL = 4 ) 20 PC (RL = 4 ) 15 10 5 VCC = 13.2 V f = 1 kHz 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Both channel input Rg = 10 k 0 5 10 15 2 3 4 PC, ICC PO 6 Consumption power PC (W) 35 Output voltage PO (W) 30 RL = 2 25 20 15 10 5 0 RL = 4 f = 1 kHz THD = 10% 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Both channel input Rg = 10 k 0 5 10 15 20 25 1 0 0 20 Supply voltage VCC (V) Output power (1-channel) PO (W) Supply current ICC (A) 7 AN7198Z s Technical Information (continued) 2. Main Characteristics (continued) PO, THD VIN (RL = 4 ) 100.00 10.00 ICs for Audio Common Use PO, THD VIN (RL = 2 ) 100.00 PO 10.00 Total harmonic distortion THD (%) PO 10.00 THD 10 kHz 1.00 10.00 THD 10 kHz 1.00 1.00 THD 100 Hz 1 kHz VCC = 13.2 V f = 1 kHz RL = 4 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Both channel input Rg = 10 k 100 0.10 1.00 THD 100 Hz 1kHz VCC = 13.2 V f = 1 kHz RL = 2 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Both channel input Rg = 10 k 10 100 0.10 0.10 1 10 0.01 1 000 0.10 1 0.01 1 000 Input voltage VIN (mV[rms]) Input power VIN (mV[rms]) GV, PO f 40 38 36 PO (2 ) 30 28 26 24 22 20 PO (4 ) 18 16 VCC = 13.2 V PO = 1 W THD = 10% RL = 2, 4 10 100 1 000 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Both channel input Rg = 10 k 10 000 14 12 THD f 10.00 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 Total harmonic distortion THD (%) Voltage gain GV (dB) Output power PO (W) GV (2, 4 ) 1.00 RL = 2 0.10 RL = 4 VCC = 13.2 V PO = 1 W RL = 2, 4 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Both channel input Rg = 10 k 10 000 100 000 10 100 000 0.01 10 100 1 000 Frequency f (Hz) Frequency f (Hz) GV, THD VCC 45 43 41 VIN = 40 mV[rms] f = 1 kHz RL = 2, 4 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Both channel input Rg = 10 k 5 4.5 200 180 ICQ, ISTB VCC 10 9 8 7 6 ICQ 100 80 60 40 20 ISTB 0 0 5 10 15 20 RL = 4 Both channel input Rg = 10 k 5 4 3 2 1 0 25 Total harmonic distortion THD (%) Quiescent current ICQ (mA) 4 3.5 3 160 140 120 39 37 35 33 31 29 27 25 0 5 GV (RL = 4, 2 ) 2.5 2 1.5 1 THD (RL = 4, 2 ) 10 15 20 0.5 0 25 Supply voltage VCC (V) Supply voltage VCC (V) 8 Standby current ISTB (A) Voltage gain GV (dB) Total harmonic distortion THD (%) Output power PO (W) Output power PO (W) ICs for Audio Common Use s Technical Information (continued) 2. Main Characteristics (continued) VNO VCC 1.0 1.0 AN7198Z VNO Rg VCC = 13.2 V RL = 4 Rg = 10 k Output noise voltage VNO (V[rms]) Output noise voltage VNO (V[rms]) RL = 4 Rg = 10 k 0.5 Flat 0.5 Flat DIN Audio Filter DIN Audio Filter 0.0 0 5 10 15 20 0.0 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 Supply voltage VCC (V) Input impedance Rg () RR VCC 90 70 60 RR Vr channel 1 channel 2 80 Ripple rejection ratio RR (dB) 70 60 50 40 30 20 channel 2 channel 1 Ripple rejection ratio RR (dB) 50 40 30 20 10 0 VCC = 13.2 V RL = 4 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Rg = 10 k fr = 1 kHz 1 10 100 1 000 10 000 RL = 4 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Rg = 10 k fr = 1 kHz Vr = 1 V[rms] 0 5 10 15 20 25 Supply voltage VCC (V) Power supply ripple voltage Vr (mV[rms]) RR fr 80 channel 1 70 80 79 78 CT VCC channel 1 Ripple rejection ratio RR (dB) channel 2 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 VCC = 13.2 V RL = 4 Rg = 10 k fr = 1 kHz Vr = 1 V[rms] 100 1 000 10 000 Cross-talk CT (dB) 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 0 5 10 channel 2 PO = 1 W f = 1 kHz RL = 4 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Rg = 10 k 15 20 25 Power supply ripple frequency fr (Hz) Supply voltage VCC (V) 9 AN7198Z s Technical Information (continued) 2. Main Characteristics (continued) CT VIN 90 channel 2 80 70 channel 1 80 90 ICs for Audio Common Use CT f channel 2 channel 1 70 Cross-talk CT (dB) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 10 100 1 000 VCC = 13.2 V f = 1 kHz RL = 4 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Rg = 10 k Cross-talk CT (dB) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 VCC = 13.2 V VIN = 40 mV[rms] RL = 4 Rg = 10 k Input voltage VIN (mV[rms]) Frequency f (Hz) MT VCC 110 100 90 MT VIN 100 90 80 Muting effect MT (dB) 25 Muting effect MT (dB) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 5 10 15 PO = 1 W f = 1 kHz RL = 4 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Rg = 10 k 20 70 60 50 40 30 20 VCC = 13.2 V f = 1 kHz RL = 4 400 Hz HPF 10 30 kHz LPF Rg = 10 k 0 0 10 100 1 000 10 000 Supply voltage VCC (V) Input voltage VIN (mV[rms]) MT f 110 100 90 90 80 70 MT VMUTE Muting effect MT (dB) Muting effect MT (dB) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 10 100 1 000 VCC = 13.2 V VIN = 40 mV[rms] RL = 4 W Rg = 10 k 10 000 100 000 channel 2 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 channel 1 VCC = 13.2 V PO = 1 W f = 1 kHz RL = 4 400 Hz HPF 30 kHz LPF Rg = 10 k 3 4 5 Frequency f (Hz) Mute voltage VMUTE (V) 10 ICs for Audio Common Use s Technical Information (continued) 2. Main Characteristics (continued) ICQ VSTB 200 180 AN7198Z Voffset VCC 250 200 Quiescent circuit current ICQ (mA) 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 1 2 3 VCC = 13.2 V RL = 4 Rg = 10 k 4 5 Output offset voltage Voffset (mV) 150 100 channel 1 mute on 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 -250 0 5 10 15 RL = 4 Rg = 10 k 20 channel 2 mute on channel 2 channel 1 Standby voltage VSTB (V) Supply voltage VCC (V) 3. Application note 1) Standby function (1) The power can be turned on or off by making pin 5 (standby terminal) high or low. (2) The standby terminal has threshold voltage of approx. 2.1 V, however, it has temperature dependency of approx. -6 mV/C. The recommended range of use is shown in Table 1. (3) The internal circuit of standby termial is as shown in Figure 1. When the 5V standby terminal is high, the VSTB 0V current approximately expressed by the following equation will flow into the circuit. VSTB-2.7 V 10 k Terminal state Open Low High Terminal voltage 0V 0 V to 1.0 V Higher than 3 V Table 1 Power Standby state Standby state Operating state 5 10 k RF Protection circuit Constant current source Sub ISTB= [mA] 2 k 4 k Figure 1 (4) A power supply with no ripple component should be used for the control voltage of standby terminal. 11 AN7198Z s Technical Information (continued) 3. Application note (continued) 2) Output line noise countermeasures (1) In order to increase the oscillation allowance, it is unnecessary to use a capacitor and a resistor between each output terminal and GND. However, when inserting the capacitor for countermeasures against output line noise between the output terminal and GND, insert a resistor of approx. 2.2 in series as shown in Figure 2. The oscillation may occur if only capacitor is used. Use it after giving a sufficient evaluation. (2) The use of polyester film capacitor having a little fluctuation with temperature and frequency is recommended as the capacitor for countermeasures against output line noise. 3) Input terminal (1) The reference voltage of input terminal is 0 V. When the input signal has a reference voltage other than 0 V potential, connect a coupling capacitor (of about several F) for DC component cut in series with the input terminal. Check the low-pass frequency characteristics to determine the capacitor value. ICs for Audio Common Use 1 2, 4 13, 15 to speaker 0.01 F to 0.1 F 2.2 3, 14 Figure 2 (2) 10 k or less of signal source impedance Rg can reduce the output end noise voltage. (3) The output offset voltage fluctuates when the signal source impedance Rg is changed. A care must be taken in the case of using the circuit by directly connecting a volume control to the input terminal. In such a case, the use of coupling capacitor is recommended. (4) If a high frequency signal from tuners enters the input terminal as noise, insert a capacitor of approx. 0.01 F between the input terminal and input GND. When a high frequency signal is inputted, malfunction in protective circuits may occur. 15 A 15 A 1 F Input signal 0.01 F 6 11 10 k 200 30 k 600 Attenuator to power Figure 3 4) Ripple filter (1) In order to suppress the fluctuation of supply voltage, connect a capacitor of approx. 33 F between RF terminal (pin 12) and GND. (2) Relation between RR (Ripple Rejection Ratio) and a capacitor. The larger the capacitance of the ripple filter is, the better the ripple rejection ratio becomes. (However, there is almost no difference if the capacitance is 10 F or more.) 12 ICs for Audio Common Use s Technical Information (continued) 3. Application note (continued) 4) Ripple filter (continued) (3) Relation between the rise time of circuit and a capacitor. The larger the capacitance of the ripple filter is, the longer the time from the power on (STB-high) to the sound release becomes. (4) The DC voltage of output terminal is approximately the middle point of the ripple filter terminal voltage. (5) The internal circuit of ripple filter terminal is as shown in Figure 5 and the charge current is approx. 3 mA to 10 mA. (6) After the power supply is turned off (STB-low), it takes 10 seconds or less for the total circuit current to become the standby current (under 10 A). If approx. 47 k resistor is inserted between the ripple filter terminal and GND for the purpose of reducing the inspection time with set, a time until the current becomes the standby current can be shortened. AN7198Z on STB-On/Off time (ms) Ri pp le Re je 1000 60 100 ST Tim off B- e 50 STB im e on T 10 40 1.0 10 100 RF capacitor value (F) Figure 4 VCC 15 k 12 33 F 350 A 10 k 10 k 1.7 mA VREF Constant current source Protection circuit 4 k Figure 5 5) GND terminal (1) Be sure to short-circuit each GND terminal of pin 3, 8, 9 and 14 at a point outside the IC in use. (2) For each GND terminal, the one-point earth, referenced to the GND connection point of electrolytic capacitor between the supply terminal and GND, is most effective for reducing the distortion. Even in the worst case, ground pin 8, 9 of input GND separately from all the other GND terminals. AN7198Z/99Z 1 3 8 9 14 to GND of input Figure 6 (3) Each GND terminal is not electrically short-circuited inside. Only pin 8 is connected with the substrate. (4) Pin 9 is input signal GND. Connect only pin 9 with GND of the input. 13 Ripple rejection ratio (dB) cti AN7198Z s Technical Information (continued) 3. Application note (continued) ICs for Audio Common Use 6) Cooling fin (1) The cooling fin is not connected with GND terminal by using Au wire. Only pin 8 is electrically connected through the substrate. (2) Always attach an outside heat sink to the cooling fin. The cooling fin must be fastened onto a chassis for use. Otherwise, IC lead failure may occur. (3) Do not give the cooling fin any potential other than the GND potential. Otherwise, it may cause breakdown. (4) Connection of the cooling fin with GND can reduce the incoming noise hum. (It is unnecessary to connect with GND in use, but connect it with the power GND when the cooling fin is connected with GND) 7) Shock noise (1) STB on/off Turn on the mute circuit when switching over to the standby. No shock noise is released when the mute on state. However, the changeover switch of the standby terminal may make a slight shock noise. In such a case, insert a capacitor of approx. 0.01 F between the standby terminal and GND. (2) Mute on/off No shock noise is released. Refer to the section on the mute function. 8) Mute function (1) The mute-On/Off is possible by making pin 7 (the muting terminal) high or to low. (2) The muting circuit is as shown in Figure 7. The amplifier gain including attenuator block is given in the following equation: I1 GV = x 50 I2 Original gain From the above equation, the amplifier gain can be made as 0 time by setting I1 at 0 mA at muting. (3) The threshold voltage of VMUTE is as follows: Mute-off approx. 1 V or less Mute-on approx. 3 V or more I1 I2 Mute/on 5V VMUTE 0V Mute/off 1 F 22 k Input 7 200 Attenuator block I1 I2 Output stage Output stage I1 = approx. 120 A I2 = approx. 120 A Figure 7 14 ICs for Audio Common Use s Technical Information (continued) 3. Application note (continued) AN7198Z 8) Mute function (continued) (4) Attack time and recovery time can be changed by the external CR of pin 7. For recommended circuits (Figure 7 22 k , 1 F), the above mentioned times are as follows: Attack time: Approx. 30 ms Recovery time: Approx. 40 ms However, the control voltage of VMUTE is assumed to be 5 V. When it is not directly controlled by microcomputer (5 V), (such as 13.2 V separate power supply), it is necessary to change CR values because the above times change. (5) When the attack time and recovery time are set at 20 ms or less, pay attention to the IC with larger output offset because it may release the shock noise. 9) Voltage gain The voltage gain is fixed at 34 dB for the AN7198Z, and 40 dB for the AN7199Z. It is not possible to change those values by the addition of an external resistance. 10) Beep sound input function (1) The application circuit example when using the beep sound input is shown in Figure 8. Connect the beep signals from the microcomputer to pin 10 via the capacitor C1 for DC cut and the resistor R1 for voltage gain adjustment. (2) The voltage gain of beep sound terminal is approx. -6.2 dB. The setting value of Figure 8 becomes approx. -19.7 dB (f = 1 kHz). (3) The beep sound is outputted to the output terminals, pin 2 and pin 15. Rnf AN7198Z AN7199Z 600 300 GVA 28 dB 34 dB VREF = 6.3 V C1 47 k 10 7.8 k Rnf GVA 2 15 k 15 k 15 GVA Rnf Beep input Rnf GVBEEP = 2 1/jC1+R1+7.8 + 15 k+Rnf 2 0.022 F R1 x GVA VREF = 6.3 V Figure 8 15 AN7198Z s Technical Information (continued) 3. Application note (continued) 11) Two IC use Figure 9 shows the application circuit example when two ICs are used: ICs for Audio Common Use Power supply 10 k 2200 F Out (RR) 11 13 14 Standby 10 k 10 Mute 2.2 F 12 2 4 6 8 15 1 3 5 7 9 Out (FR) 22 F to 47 F 10 k In (RR) In (FR) In (RL) Out (RL) 10 k 11 13 14 In (FL) S-GND 10 0.022 F Beep 47 k 12 2 4 6 8 15 1 3 5 7 9 Out (FL) 10 k Figure 9 16 ICs for Audio Common Use s Technical Information (continued) 3. Application note (continued) AN7198Z 11) Two IC use (continued) (1) Supply terminal Short-circuit the terminals with each other and insert an electrolytic capacitor of approx. 2200 F into the supply terminals. However, if sufficient characteristics of the ripple rejection can not be obtained, use an even larger capacitor or insert a 2200 F capacitor into each IC. The best sound quality can be obtained by inserting a 2200 F capacitor near the terminal of each IC. (2) Standby terminal (pin 5) Even if the standby terminals are connected with each other, there is no abnormal operation. Connect with the microcomputer after connecting the standby pins with each other. At that time, the current flowing into the standby terminal is twice as large as the current which is described in 1) Standby function. (3) Muting terminal (pin 7) An abnormal operation does not occur even if the muting terminals are short-circuited with each other. The muting time constant changes when two ICs connection is made. If the CR constants are set at twice or 1/2 time respectively, the time constant value becomes as same as the value when one IC is used. In terms of safety design, taking advantage of the fact that in mute-on, a large current is difficult to flow and it is difficult to cause the destruction, it is designed so that the mute terminal will become high when an abnormality such as short circuit to VCC or short circuit to GND takes place. (To avoid the influence of IC in an abnormal state in using two ICs). Do not connect a microcomputer directly to the mute terminal because the mute terminal voltage rises to approx. 12 V at that time. (4) Beep sound input terminal (pin 10) Even if the beep sound input terminals are short circuited each other, that does not result in an abnormal operation. However, if there is a temperature difference between ICs, there may be a fluctuation of the output offset. In order to avoid such a phenomenon, connect the ICs with each other through a resistor (47 k). (5) Ripple filter terminal (pin 12) Even if the ripple filter terminals are short circuited each other, that does not result in an abnormal operation. However, if the standby of each IC is individually controlled, the short-circuiting is not allowed. Use the circuit after connecting a capacitor (33 F) to each IC. 12) Precautions on misuse (1) Erroneous connection in the case of short circuit to VCC and short circuit to GND or load short-circuit The AN7198Z/99Z have the breakdown voltage of 20 V or more when short circuit to VCC or load shortcircuit occur. However, there is a possibility of destruction, then smoke emission and ignition under a special condition. Avoid misuse and erroneous connection of the circuit. (2) Power supply surge The power supply surge breakdown voltage is evaluated by the test circuit shown in Figure 10 and the surge waveform as shown in Figure 11 is evaluated. The withstanding capability against power supply surge is 80 V for the AN7198Z/99Z. 1 1% 20 W 10000 F/100 V 10 1% 40 W VP 0.63 VP 0.37 VP D.U.T 0V 1 ms 6 ms 100 ms Figure 11. Surge waveform 17 Surge voltatge Figure 10. Power supply surge test circuit AN7198Z s Technical Information (continued) 3. Application note (continued) ICs for Audio Common Use 12) Precautions on misuse (continued) (1) Destruction mode for the AN7198Z/99Z The AN7198Z/99Z are the power ICs with high breakdown withstanding voltage but it has been found that the destruction occurs under special conditions. * GND-open short-circuit to ground. Short-circuit the output terminal to the GND terminal of power supply when GND terminal of the IC is open, or a short-circuiting is made to GND when the GND terminal of the IC is over 0.7 V higher than the shortcircuited output terminal. At that time, if VCC = 16 V or more and a voltage is also applied to STB terminal, then the destruction occurs. * The plus and minus side output terminals are short-circuited to power supply at the same time. f short-circuit to power supply occurs on both the plus and minus side output terminals at the same time with a short-circuit resistor which does not actuate the protection circuit, the power GND terminal current may exceed 10 A and the wire melts down since the current exceeds the capacity of Au wire. * VCC - GND reverse connection Parasitic device is created everywhere and the circuit destruction takes place. 4. Countermeasure for shock noise of the AN7198Z Points of shock noise prevention Plus and minus output of the BTL amp. is not changed suddenly by STB-on/off and Mute-on/off. 1) Standby pin to off (pin 5 VSTB = 5 V 0 V) (Standby state Operating state) (1) Ripple filter pin (pin 12) becomes on gradually (Charge up to VCC) when VSTB = 0 V 5V. Current source and reference voltage are on instantaneously. (2) Output D range suppression circuit is incorporated which limits the dynamic range of output to 0 V < VOUT < VRF - 3 VBE when the ripple filter pin voltage is less than 6.8 V. DC voltage change of input circuit causes steep DC voltage change of output pin and that generates shock noise. This steep DC voltage change can be suppressed by the above mentioned circuit. Voltage of the mute pin (pin 7) makes high forcedly in the inside circuit. (3) Input mute is on when the ripple filter pin voltage VRF is less than 6.8 V. This prevents the shock noise which is inputted from the pre-stage of power amp. Also, mute is on in order to prevent the abnormal sound which is generated by clipping of waveform. (Output is clipped due to narrow D range at start up) (4) DC voltage of output pin changes with 1/2 voltage of the ripple filter pin. Steep changes of output pin voltage is suppressed by start up gradually of the ripple filter pin. (5) Output waveform of each plus and minus output at power supply on changes as same by symmetric placement of inverting and non-inverting amplifier which consist of BTL amp. VSTB-on 3 VBE Clamp-off Mute-off Reference voltage constant on VOUT without D-range suppression circuit current source VOUT Output D-range RF 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Mute-on t Image figure of output waveform, RF-pin waveform has exponential characteristics in actually. 18 ICs for Audio Common Use s Technical Information (continued) 4. Countermeasure for shock noise of the AN7198Z (continued) AN7198Z 2) Standby pin to off (pin 5 VSTB = 5 V 0 V) (Operating state Standby state) (1) Ripple filter pin (pin 12) becomes off gradually (Discharge down to 0 V) when VSTB = 5 V 0 V. Current source and reference voltage are on until VRF < 2 VBE. (2) Output D range suppression circuit operates when the ripple filter pin voltage is less than 6.8 V. The circuit limits to 0 V < VOUT < VRF - 3 VBE. DC voltage change of input circuit causes steep DC voltage change of output pin and that generates shock noise same as at standby pin is on. This steep DC voltage change can be suppressed by the above mentioned circuit. Voltage of the mute pin (pin 7) makes high forcedly in the inside circuit. (3) Input mute is on when ripple filter pin voltage VRF is less than 6.8 V. This prevents the shock noise which is inputted from the pre-stage of power amp. Also, mute is on in order to prevent the abnormal sound which is generated by clipping of waveform. (The purpose is same as the countermeasure of start up period.) (4) DC voltage of output pin changes with 1/2 voltage of the ripple filter pin. Steep changes of output pin voltage is suppressed by start up gradually of the ripple filter pin. (5) Output waveform of each plus and minus output at power supply on changes as same by symmetric placement of inverting and non-inverting amplifier which consist of BTL amp. RF 3 VBE Clamp-off Output D-range Mute-on VOUT without D-range suppression circuit VOUT VSTB-off Reference voltage off Constant current source 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Mute-on t Image figure of output waveform, RF-pin waveform has exponential characteristics in actually. 3) Muting on/off (Pin7 low: Muting state, high: Operating state) (1) AC mute circuit which mute the AC component only by the simple attenuator circuit is adopted. Conventional system generates shock noise due to change steeply of output DC voltage by cutting of input DC voltage and muting of AC component. 2 6 Att. 0 dB 600 15 k 4 30 k 600 VREF = 7 0V 1.0 F 10 k IO 15 k 1 V 2 CC 5V Mute 22 k Figure 12 19 AN7198Z s Technical Information (continued) 4. Countermeasure for shock noise of the AN7198Z (continued) ICs for Audio Common Use 3) Muting on/off (Pin7 low: Muting state, high: Operating state) (continued) (2) Attack and recovery time of muting on/off is determined by the external CR time constant of pin 7. (3) There is afraid of shock noise when time constant is set to 10 ms or less. (Since output DC voltage is changed approx. 50 mV by muting on/off.) Output AC Less than 50 mV Approx. 6.3 V 5V Output DC Mute pin voltage 0V Figure 13 12 Ripple Filter s Application Circuit Example 2200 F 1 VCC 33 F ch.1 GND ch.1 Out (-) 3 4 Att Ref. 14 ch.2 GND 13 ch.2 Out (-) Protection Cct. Att ch.1 Out (+) 2 Att Att.Con. Att 15 ch.2 Out (+) Beep In 10 11 6 5 7 8 Standby 5V 0V 20 k 0V 5V GND(Input) Mute GND(Sub) ch.1 In 20 10 k 1 F 10 k ch.2 In 9 |
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